According to legend, Ancient Rome was founded by the two brothers, and demigods, Romulus and Remus, on 21 April 753 BCE. The legend claims that in an argument over who would rule the city (or, in another version, where the city would be located) Romulus killed Remus and named the city after himself. This story of the founding of Rome is the best known but it is not the only one.
More about: Ancient Rome8 days left
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Definition
Timeline
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753 BCE - 510 BCERegal Period of ancient Rome from Founding to Birth of the Republic.
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753 BCEThe legendary founding date of Rome.
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750 BCE - 510 BCEThe (semi-mythological) seven kings of Rome: Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tulus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus.
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c. 620 BCEPosible founding date for Ostia, the port of Rome.
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599 BCE - 500 BCEThe traditional date when the Circus Maximus of Rome is first laid out.
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534 BCE - 510 BCEReign of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, last king of Rome.
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510 BCE - 509 BCEFirst treaty between Rome and Carthage.
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509 BCEFoundation of the Roman Republic.
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c. 508 BCELars Porsenna, Etruscan king of Chiusi, lays siege to Rome.
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504 BCEMigration of Claudii from Sabine lands to Rome.
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c. 499 BCEBattle of Lake Regillus between Rome and the Latin League.
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c. 497 BCEThe first temple dedicated to Saturn is constructed in the Forum Romanum of Rome.
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495 BCELucius Tarquinius Superbus, last king of Rome, dies in exile at Cumae.
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495 BCEA temple is built in honour of Mercury near Rome's Circus Maximus.
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494 BCETraditional date the office of the tribuni plebis is created in Rome.
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493 BCEFoedus Cassianus - treaty by Spurius Cassius Vecellinus with the Latin League after the Battle of Lake Regillus.
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484 BCEThe first temple of the Dioscuri (Castor & Pollux) is dedicated in Rome's Forum Romanum by Aulus Postumius following his victory over the Latins at the Battle of Lake Regillus.
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451 BCE - 450 BCEDecemvirate and Publication of Twelve Tables of Roman Law.
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c. 400 BCERoman tale of mythical twins Romulus and Remus first recorded.
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394 BCEEtruscan Volsinii and their ally Sappinum unsuccessfully attacks Rome.
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390 BCEGauls sack Rome.
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c. 390 BCE"Gallic Catastrophe:" Brennus of the Senones defeats the Romans at Allia, and subsequently sacks Rome.
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380 BCERebuilding of Rome. Strong walls around the seven hills.
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343 BCE - 341 BCEFirst Samnite War (Rome vs. Samnites).
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340 BCE - 338 BCELatin War, victory for Rome.
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326 BCE - 304 BCESecond Samnite War.
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321 BCEThe Via Appia, a famous Roman road, is constructed.
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298 BCE - 290 BCEThird Samnite War between Rome and the Samnite people.
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295 BCERoman victory over Samnites, Gauls and Umbrians at Sentinum.
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292 BCEThe Romans adopt the Greek god of medicine Asclepius by stealing his sacred snake from Epidaurus and setting up a temple on the Tiber Island.
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Mar 218 BCERome declares war on Carthage after Hannibal sacks Saguntum in Spain. The Second Punic War begins.
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213 BCE - 212 BCERoman commander Marcus Claudius Marcellus lays seige to and ultimately sacks Syracuse.
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196 BCEThe earliest known Triumphal Arches are built in Rome by L.Sertinius.
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184 BCEThe first basilica is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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168 BCERome defeats Macedon at Battle of Pydna.
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166 BCERome puts Delos under the jurisdiction of Athens and makes the island a free port.
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146 BCEFirst Roman all-marble building is constructed, the temple of Jupiter Stater in Rome.
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121 BCEGallia Narbonensis becomes a Roman province.
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107 BCE - 100 BCEGaius Marius reforms the Roman army.
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12 Jul 100 BCE - 15 Mar 44 BCELife of Gaius Julius Caesar, founder of the Roman Empire.
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89 BCEAll poleis or city-states in Magna Graecia come under Roman control.
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80 BCESulla moves the Olympic Games to Rome for a single Olympiad.
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70 BCEPompey and Crassus are made consuls.
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59 BCE - 17 CELife of Livy.
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58 BCE - 51 BCEJulius Caesar's conquest of Gaul.
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55 BCE - 54 BCEJulius Caesar's expeditions in Britain.
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55 BCEPompey the Great builds the first permanent stone theatre in Rome.
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54 BCE - 29 BCEForum of Caesar constructed in Rome by Julius Caesar as another area to conduct judicial business. It is the best surviving of his monuments.
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15 Mar 44 BCEJulius Caesar is murdered.
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43 BCE - 36 BCESecond Triumvirate: Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus (official approval by the Roman Senate). Mass proscriptions including Cicero.
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43 BCE - 17 CELife of the Roman writer Ovid, author of Metamorphoses.
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36 BCEAgrippa defeats the naval fleet of Sextus Pompey in the battle of Naulochos.
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31 BCEGreece absorbed into Roman Empire.
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29 BCEAugustus builds the temple of Divius Iulius on the spot of Julius Caesar's funeral pyre in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 27 BCEThe first Pantheon is built in Rome and dedicated by Marcus Agrippa.
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c. 20 BCEMilitary engineer and architect Vitruvius publishes his "De Architectura".
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c. 20 BCEThe Campus Martius baths in Rome are constructed and donated to the people by Agrippa.
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19 BCEArch of Augustus built in Rome to commemorate victory over the Parthians.
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c. 13 BCEOfficial inauguration of the Theatre of Marcellus in Rome.
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c. 10 BCEAugustus rebuilds the Temple of Castor and Pollux in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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1 CE - 100 CEMithraism spreads in the Roman empire.
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c. 13 CEAugustus creates the cohortes urbanae in Rome to help maintain public order.
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c. 23 CEThe castra praetoria, permanent camp of the Praetorian Guard, is built in Rome by Sejanus.
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42 CE - 62 CEPaul the Apostle goes on missionary journeys across Asia Minor, Greece, and Rome.
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c. 50 CE - c. 60 CEEstablishment of various Christian communities in the Eastern Mediterranean, Greece, Egypt, and at least the city of Rome.
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60 CE - 61 CEBoudicca's Revolt in Britain.
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64 CEFire destroys the Circus Maximus in Rome.
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64 CEUnofficial persecution of Christians in Rome.
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64 CEThe great fire in Rome.
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c. 64 CEThe Roman port of Ostia reaches its maximum size becoming a major urban centre.
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c. 65 CEThe Circus Maximus in Rome is rebuilt and its capacity increased to 250,000.
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c. 65 CEThe Baths of Nero are built in Rome.
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66 CE - 73 CEThe Jewish Revolt against Rome.
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68 CE - 69 CEYear of the Four Emperors: Civil war in Rome.
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70 CEThe city of Jerusalem is besieged and captured by Rome; the Second Temple destroyed.
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Jun 71 CETitus returns to Rome from Jewish War.
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72 CEVespasian begins construction of the Colosseum in Rome.
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Aug 79 CE - Oct 79 CEEruption of Mt. Vesuvius in southern Italy burying the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum in volcanic ash.
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80 CEThe Colosseum in Rome is officially opened by Titus with a 100 day gladiator spectacular.
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80 CEThe first Pantheon in Rome is destroyed by fire.
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81 CE - 96 CEConstruction is finally completed on the Colosseum of Rome in the reign of Domitian.
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83 CEBattle of Mons Graupius in Scotland.
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18 Sep 96 CEDeath of Roman Emperor Domitian.
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c. 110 CEFirst documented martydom in the Colosseum of Rome, that of St. Ignatius of Antioch.
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110 CEThe second Pantheon building in Rome is hit by lightning and destroyed by fire.
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113 CETrajan's column is constructed in Rome which commemorates the emperor's campaigns in Dacia.
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c. 125 CEThe Pantheon is completed in Rome.
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10 Jul 138 CE - 9 Mar 161 CEReign of Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius.
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c. 180 CEThe Column of Marcus Aurelius and Faustina is erected in Rome. It depicts in relief sculpture the emperors' campaigns across the Danube.
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192 CEEmperor Commodus is murdered, civil war ensues (until 197 CE).
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202 CEThe Pantheon in Rome is repaired by Septimius Severus and Caracalla.
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227 CEThe Baths of Nero in Rome are extensively renovated and expanded by Alexander Severus and renamed Thermae Alexandrinae.
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c. 235 CEThe Baths of Caracalla in Rome are completed.
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238 CEYear of the Six Emperors in the Roman Empire.
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272 CEPossible year of Emperor Constantine's birth.
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283 CEA fire devastates Rome's Forum Romanum, necessitating an extensive rebuilding programme.
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286 CENaval commander Carausius (Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Valerius Carausius) declares himself emperor in Britain and Northern Gaul.
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293 CEEmperor Carausius assassinated by Allectus.
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308 CEConstantine I named "caesar" of the west.
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312 CEConstantine defeats Maxentius at Milvian Bridge.
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312 CEConstantine I reduces the cohortes urbanae of Rome.
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337 CEDeath of Emperor Constantine I.
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c. 360 CE - c. 380 CEThe Temple of Saturn is rebuilt in the Forum Romanum of Rome.
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402 CERavenna becomes the capital of the Western Roman Empire.
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408 CEAlaric I the Visigoth besieges Rome. As ransom, Rome pays 5,000 pounds of gold, 30,000 pounds of silver, 4,000 silken tunics, 3,000 hides dyed scarlet, and 3,000 pounds of pepper.
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410 CEAlaric of the Visigoths sacks Rome.
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24 Aug 410 CEAlaric sacks Rome.
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422 CEThe Colosseum of Rome is damaged by earthquake.
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455 CEVandals sack Rome.
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536 CERome falls to Belisarius.
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549 CEThe last official chariot race is held in Rome's Circus Maximus.
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608 CEThe Pantheon in Rome is converted into a Christian church.
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c. 730 CEFirst reference to the Flavian Amphitheatre as the Colosseum by the Venerable Bede.
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